INFRASTRUCTURE :
Adequate infrastructure facilities are a prerequisite of any mineral and industrial development. Assam is gradually developing the needed infrastructure towards its vision of being the gateway to South East Asia.
Major modes of transportation in Assam are roadways, railways, airways and waterways.
1.2.Roadways:
All the major towns of Assam are connected by National Highways. Work on the widening (four laning) of the national highways in Assam is in progress for improvement of transportation in the state. Numbers of bridges over the Brahmaputra River is under construction in Assam.
1.3. Railways:
All the Major towns of Assam are connected by Railways. Assam is directly connected by railway service with the major cities of the country.
1.4. Airways:
Assam is well connected with the rest of India by airways, Assam has six civil airports in operations at Guwahati, Jorhat, Tezpur North Lakhimpur, Dibrugarh and Silchar. A number of private airlines including the State owned airlines operate regular and direct flights. The capital city of Guwahati is well connected with the major cities of the country. Some more airports in the State are likely to be put into operation in near future.
1.5 Inland Water Transport:
The Brahmaputra and Barak River are used for water transport service on commercial basis for transportations of passengers and goods. River Brahmaputra is the National waterway No. 2 of the country.
1.6 Inland container depot:
An inland depot service is in operation at Amingaon on the bank of river Brahmaputra 10 kms. away from Guwahati. This depot is operated by Container Corporation India Ltd. (CONCOR)
The State is well connected with telecommunication network facilities. Landline telephone service by BSNL and cell phone service by all major players are available in the entire State. DSL Broadband and wireless Broadband are available in Guwahati and the major towns of the State,
Almost all the nationalized commercial banks, financial institutions and insurance companies have their regional /zonal office in Guwahati. Reserves Bank of India has its regional office in Guwahati. Various multinational banks are also operating in the State. The premier Foreign Trade Bank, EXIM Bankalso operates in Guwahati.
Assam has large number of educational institutions of higher learning and professional and technical institutions including IIT(Guwahati and NIT(Silchar), which have been developing highly skilled manpower. At present, Assam has five university namely Guwahati,Dibrugarh,Tezpur(Central)University Assam University(central) located at Silchar,Assam Agriculture University, Jorhat.Assam has already six medical colleges and five govt. engineering colleges and so many private engineering colleges. Besides that Assam has twenty three industrial training institute (ITI) and eight polytechnics. These institutes offer professional course on various disciplines. Besides these, Assam has an Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship (IIE) and an Indian Institute of InformationTechnology(IIIT) in Guwahati.
The 2011 national census recorded literacy in Assam at 72.19% with male literacy at 77.85% and female at 66.27%.
GEOLOGY
In Assam, diversified rock associations occur ranging in age from Archean to Quaternary through Paleozoic and Tertiary. The Gneissic Group of rocks of Archaean age is the oldest rock group of the State. The arenaceous and argillaceous metasediments of Shillong Group of Pre- Cambrian age overlies the gneissic group. Rocks of both groups are affected by intrusive like amphibolites, metadolerite and pegmatite. Rocks of Palaeozoic era are represented by Singimari Formation. The stratigraphic position of the traps, dykes and sills may be tentatively fixed at Jurassic by correlating with Rajmahalvolcanics. After the volcanic activity there is a hiatus in the geological history of Assam till the deposition of Tertiary sediments. The Quaternary is represented by older (Bhagar) and newer (Khadar) and recent deltaic deposits.